Part I. Chapters or the Common Lisp HyperSpec
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Part I. Chapters or the [Common Lisp HyperSpec]

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
1.1. Special Symbols
1.2. Error Terminology
1.3. Symbols in the Package “COMMON-LISP”
2. Syntax
2.1. Standard Characters
2.2. Reader Algorithm
2.3. Symbols as Tokens
2.4. Valid Patterns for Tokens
2.5. Backquote
2.6. Sharpsign
2.6.1. Sharpsign Backslash
2.6.2. Sharpsign Less-Than-Sign
3. Evaluation and Compilation
3.1. Evaluation
3.1.1. Introduction to Environments
3.1.2. Symbols as Forms
3.1.3. Conses as Forms
3.1.4. Special Forms
3.1.5. Function Forms
3.1.6. Macros DEFUN & DEFMACRO
3.2. Compilation
3.2.1. Compiler Terminology
3.2.2. Compilation Semantics
3.2.3. Definition of Similarity
3.2.4. Exceptional Situations in the Compiler
3.3. Declarations
3.3.1. Declaration SPECIAL
3.3.2. Declaration EXT:CONSTANT-NOTINLINE
3.3.3. Function CONSTANTP
3.3.4. Declaration SAFETY
3.3.5. Declaration (COMPILE)
3.3.6. Declaration SPACE
3.4. Lambda Lists
3.4.1. Boa Lambda Lists
4. Types and Classes
4.1. Types
4.1.1. Type Specifiers
4.2. Classes
4.3. Deviations from ANSI CL standard
4.4. Standard Metaclasses
4.5. Defining Classes
4.6. Redefining Classes
5. Data and Control Flow
5.1. Generalized Reference
5.2. Setf Expansions
5.3. Kinds of Places
5.4. Miscellaneous
5.5. Macro DEFCONSTANT
5.5.1. Variable CUSTOM:*SUPPRESS-SIMILAR-CONSTANT-REDEFINITION-WARNING*
5.6. Macro EXT:FCASE
5.7. Function EXT:XOR
5.8. Function EQ
5.9. Special Operator FUNCTION
6. Iteration
6.1. The LOOP Facility
6.1.1. Mixing Termination Test Clauses
6.1.2. Iteration variables in the loop epilogue
6.1.3. Backward Compatibility
6.2. Miscellaneous
7. Objects
7.1. Standard Method Combination
8. Structures
8.1. The options for DEFSTRUCT
8.1.1. The :PRINT-FUNCTION option
8.1.2. The :INHERIT option
8.2. The structure Meta-Object Protocol
9. Conditions
9.1. Embedded Newlines in Condition Reports
9.2. Mentioning Containing Function in Condition Reports
9.3. Interfaces to Restarts
9.4. Assertions
10. Symbols
11. Packages
11.1. Introduction to Packages
11.1.1. Function MAKE-PACKAGE
11.1.2. Macro DEFPACKAGE
11.1.3. Function EXT:RE-EXPORT
11.1.4. Function EXT:PACKAGE-CASE-INVERTED-P
11.1.5. Function EXT:PACKAGE-CASE-SENSITIVE-P
11.2. Constraints on the “COMMON-LISP” Package for Conforming Programs - package locking
11.3. The “COMMON-LISP-USER” Package
11.4. Implementation-Defined Packages
11.5. Package Case-Sensitivity
11.5.1. User Package for the Case-sensitive World
11.5.2. Package Names
11.5.3. Gensyms and Keywords
11.5.4. Migration Tips
11.5.5. Using case-sensitive packages by default
12. Numbers
12.1. Numeric Types
12.2. Number Concepts
12.2.1. Numeric Operations
12.2.2. Implementation-Dependent Numeric Constants
12.2.3. Rule of Float Substitutability
12.2.4. Floating-point Computations
12.2.5. Complex Computations
12.2.6. Rule of Canonical Representation for Complex Rationals
12.2.7. Random-State Operations
13. Characters
13.1. Introduction to Characters
13.1.1. Function CHAR-CODE
13.1.2. Type BASE-CHAR
13.1.3. Function EXT:CHAR-WIDTH
13.2. Character sets
13.3. Character Scripts
13.4. Character Attributes
13.4.1. Input Characters
13.5. Graphic Characters
13.6. Alphabetic Characters
13.7. Characters With Case
13.7.1. Function EXT:CHAR-INVERTCASE
13.7.2. Case of Implementation-Defined Characters
13.8. Numeric Characters
13.9. Ordering of Characters
13.10. Treatment of Newline during Input and Output
13.11. Character Encodings
13.12. Documentation of Implementation-Defined Scripts
13.13. Platform-Dependent Characters
13.14. Obsolete Constants
14. Conses
14.1. Conses as Lists
14.1.1. Mapping Functions
15. Arrays
15.1. Array Elements
16. Strings
16.1. Miscellaneous
16.1.1. String Comparison
16.1.2. Function EXT:STRING-WIDTH
16.1.3. Functions EXT:STRING-INVERTCASE and EXT:NSTRING-INVERTCASE
17. Sequences
17.1. Additional Functions
17.1.1. Function EXT:TRIM-IF
17.2. Additional Macros
17.2.1. Macro EXT:DOSEQ
17.3. Functions NREVERSE & NRECONC
17.4. Functions REMOVE & DELETE
17.5. Functions SORT & STABLE-SORT
18. Hash Tables
18.1. Modifying Hash Table Keys
18.2. Function MAKE-HASH-TABLE
18.2.1. Interaction between HASH-TABLEs and garbage-collection
18.3. Macro EXT:DEFINE-HASH-TABLE-TEST
18.4. Function HASH-TABLE-TEST
18.5. Macro EXT:DOHASH
19. Filenames
19.1. Pathname Components
19.1.1. Directory canonicalization
19.1.2. Platform-specific issues
19.2. :UNSPECIFIC as a Component Value
19.3. External notation
19.4. Logical Pathnames
19.5. Miscellaneous
19.5.1. Function TRANSLATE-PATHNAME
19.5.2. Function TRANSLATE-LOGICAL-PATHNAME
19.5.3. Function PARSE-NAMESTRING
19.5.4. Function MERGE-PATHNAMES
19.5.5. Function LOAD-LOGICAL-PATHNAME-TRANSLATIONS
19.5.6. Function EXT:ABSOLUTE-PATHNAME
20. Files
20.1. Directory is not a file
20.1.1. Function EXT:PROBE-PATHNAME
20.2. File functions
20.2.1. Function PROBE-FILE
20.2.2. Function FILE-AUTHOR
20.2.3. Function DELETE-FILE
20.2.4. Function RENAME-FILE
20.3. Directory functions
20.3.1. Function EXT:PROBE-DIRECTORY
20.3.2. Function DIRECTORY
20.3.3. Function EXT:DIR
20.3.4. Function EXT:CD
20.3.5. Function EXT:DEFAULT-DIRECTORY
20.3.6. Function EXT:MAKE-DIRECTORY
20.3.7. Function EXT:DELETE-DIRECTORY
20.3.8. Function EXT:RENAME-DIRECTORY
21. Streams
21.1. Interactive Streams
21.1.1. Initialization of Standard Streams
21.2. Terminal interaction
21.2.1. Command line editing with GNU readline
21.2.2. Macro EXT:WITH-KEYBOARD
21.3. Binary Input and Output
21.3.1. Binary input, READ-BYTE, EXT:READ-INTEGER & EXT:READ-FLOAT
21.3.2. Binary output, WRITE-BYTE, EXT:WRITE-INTEGER & EXT:WRITE-FLOAT
21.4. Bulk Input and Output
21.4.1. Bulk Input
21.4.2. Bulk Output
21.4.3. Rationale
21.5. Non-Blocking Input and Output
21.6. Newline Convention
21.6.1. Should programs output a newline before or after each line of output?
21.6.2. Analysis
21.6.3. Conclusion
21.6.4. Solution
21.6.5. Elastic Newline Analysis
21.7. Function STREAM-EXTERNAL-FORMAT
21.8. Function STREAM-ELEMENT-TYPE
21.8.1. Binary input from *STANDARD-INPUT*
21.9. Function EXT:MAKE-STREAM
21.10. Function FILE-POSITION
21.11. Function EXT:ELASTIC-NEWLINE
21.12. Function OPEN
21.13. Function CLEAR-INPUT
21.14. Function CLOSE
21.15. Function OPEN-STREAM-P
21.16. Class BROADCAST-STREAM
21.17. Functions EXT:MAKE-BUFFERED-INPUT-STREAM and EXT:MAKE-BUFFERED-OUTPUT-STREAM
22. Printer
22.1. Multiple Possible Textual Representations
22.2. Printing Floats
22.3. Printing Characters
22.4. Package Prefixes for Symbols
22.5. Printing Other Vectors
22.6. Printing Other Arrays
22.6.1. Printing Pathnames
22.7. The Lisp Pretty Printer
22.7.1. Pretty Print Dispatch Table
22.8. Formatted Output
22.9. Functions WRITE & WRITE-TO-STRING
22.10. Macro PRINT-UNREADABLE-OBJECT
22.11. Miscellaneous Issues
23. Reader
23.1. Effect of Readtable Case on the Lisp Reader
23.2. The recursive-p argument
24. System Construction
24.1. Function COMPILE-FILE
24.2. Function COMPILE-FILE-PATHNAME
24.3. Function REQUIRE
24.3.1. Additional LOAD locations
24.3.2. Interaction with COMPILE-FILE
24.4. Function LOAD
24.5. Variable *FEATURES*
24.6. Function EXT:FEATUREP [CLRFI-1]
24.7. Function EXT:COMPILED-FILE-P [CLRFI-2]
25. Environment
25.1. Top Level Loop
25.1.1. User-defined Commands
25.2. Debugging Utilities
25.2.1. Function DISASSEMBLE
25.2.2. Function EXT:UNCOMPILE
25.2.3. Function DOCUMENTATION
25.2.4. Function DESCRIBE
25.2.5. Macro TRACE
25.2.6. Function INSPECT
25.2.7. Macro TIME
25.2.8. Function ED
25.2.9. Functions APROPOS & APROPOS-LIST
25.2.10. Function DRIBBLE
25.3. Environment Inquiry
25.3.1. Function ROOM
25.3.2. Function EXT:GC
25.3.3. Machine
25.3.4. Function LISP-IMPLEMENTATION-VERSION
25.3.5. Function EXT:ARGV
25.4. Time
26. Glossary
27. Appendix
28. X3J13 Issue Index [CLHS-ic]
These notes document CLISP version 2.49Last modified: 2010-07-07
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Conventions Home Chapter 1. Introduction